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THEORY DEPARTMENT Theory seminars,
2004-2005 Standard Location: Theory Conference Room Standard Time: Thursday Refreshments are at 10:30am Seminar is at 10:45am Please contact mailto:Gwangson Choeif you would like to present a seminar, suggest a speaker or would like to be notified of seminars by email. Please note: All
visitor arrangements, including Site Access Notification , are the responsibility of the PPPL
host. Future seminars are subject to changes due to speakers’ availability. Local, flexible speakers maybe asked to reschedule their seminars to give opportunity for guests to deliver talks. Page last updated March 28, 2005. |
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Date |
Speaker |
Affiliation |
Title
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Comments |
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September 23 |
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September 30 |
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October 7 |
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October 14 |
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October 21 |
Roscoe White |
PPPL |
Zonal Flow Dynamics and anomalous Transport |
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October 28 |
Ben
Chandran |
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Thermal conduction in turbulent
magnetized plasmas, and its effects in clusters of galaxies. |
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November 4 |
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November 11 |
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November 18 |
no speaker |
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APS
Week |
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November23 |
Bedros Afeyan |
Polymath Research, Inc. |
KEEN Waves: Long Lived Non-stationary
Nonlinear Coherent Structures in the Spectral Gap of the
Vlasov-Poisson System |
Note-Tuesday |
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December 3 |
Roberto
Torasso |
NYU |
"Stability of
ballooning modes in the Hall-MHD Model" |
Note-friday |
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December 9 |
T.S. Hahm |
PPPL |
Review of IAEA
Theory papers |
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December 16 |
Theory meeting |
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December 28 |
No
speaker |
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Lab
holiday |
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December 30 |
no speaker |
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Lab
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January 4 |
Prof. Baofeng Feng |
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Stable solitary waves
in two-dimensional stabilized Kuramoto-Sivashinsky systems |
Note tuesday |
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January 13 |
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PPPL |
Study of unsolved
issues of
m=1 oscillation (ěSawtoothî) via 2-D ECE Imaging System on TEXTOR* |
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January 20 |
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January 27 |
Theory
Meeting |
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February 3 |
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February 10 |
David
J Strozzi |
MIT |
Electron Trapping in
Raman Scattering from Inhomogenous Plasmas |
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February 17 |
Theory meeting Guoyong Fu and Nikolai Gorelenkov |
PPPL |
Theory/energetic particle SFG micro-seminar |
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February 24 |
Mikhail Sitnov |
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Structure and dynamics
of thin non-Harris current sheets" |
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February 28 |
Greg Hammett |
PPPL |
Calculation of Particle
Noise-induced Diffusion and Its Effect on ETG Simulations |
Special
Monday Theory seminar located in the Display Wall Room at 1:30 |
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March 3 |
Jay Johnson |
PPPL |
The magnetospheric
response to the solar wind |
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March 10 |
Vladimir Yankov |
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Improvement of
confinement in tokamaks by weakening of poloidal magnetic field near boundary. |
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March 17 |
Theory meeting |
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March 24 |
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March 31 |
John Krommes |
PPPL |
The Fluctuation--Dissipation Theorem (and beyond) |
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April 7 |
Igor Kaganovich |
PPPL |
Dynamics of Ion Beam Interaction with Background
Plasma |
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April 15 |
D. VanEster |
Laboratory
for Plasma Physics, Association “EURATOM – |
A simple method
to account for drift orbit effects when modeling radio frequency heating in tokamaks |
Please note, this is a special Friday Seminar, to
be held in the Theory Seminar room at 11:00 am. |
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April 18 |
Michael Hesse |
Goddard Space Flight
Center/NASA |
Mechanisms of electron demagnetization in collisionless magnetic reconnection |
Please note, this is a special Monday Seminar, to be held in the
Display Wall room at 10:45 am. |
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April 21 |
Theory meeting |
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April 28 |
Harry Mynick |
PPPL |
Tutorial on Stellarator
Transport I |
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May 5 |
Masaaki Yamada and
Russell Kulsrud |
PPPL |
Study of Two-Fluid MHD Physics of Magnetic Reconnection in
Laboratory and Space Plasmas |
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May 10 |
Scott Parker |
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Gyrokinetic
simulation of the collisionless and semi-collisional tearing mode instability |
This is a special Tuesday seminar, to
be held at 2:00 pm in the Theory Seminar Room. |
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May 12 |
Harry Mynick |
PPPL |
Tutorial on Stellarator Transport
III |
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May 19 |
Theory meeting |
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May 26 |
Hong Qin |
PPPL |
A footnote on the adiabatic invariants |
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June 2 |
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June 9 |
Shuanghui Hu |
UC Irvine |
Discrete Alfven Eigenmodes Excited by Energetic Particles in High-Beta Tokamaks |
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June
16 |
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June 23 |
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June 30 |
Bruce Scott |
IPP |
Theory and Computation in Full-F Gyrokinetics |
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July 28 |
Matthew Hole |
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Stepped Pressure Profile Equilibria
in Cylindrical Plasmas via Partial |
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August
10 |
Xianzhu Tang |
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Magnetic Relaxation in Laboratory and Astrophysical
Plasmas |
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August 18 |
Hiroshi Naitou |
Gyro-Reduced MHD Simulation of Kinetic Internal Kink Modes |
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Thursday, October 21
10:45 am Roscoe White PPPL Zonal Flow Dynamisc and Anomalous TransportNonlinear equations for the
slow space-time evolution of the radial drift wave-ion temperature
gradient (DW-ITG) envelope and zonal flow (ZF)
amplitude have been derived within a coherent 4-wave drift wave-zonal
flow model. In the local limit this model demonstrates
spontaneous generation of zonal flow and
nonlinear drift wave-zonal flow dynamics in toroidal plasmas.
The model allows slow temporal and spatial variations of the DW-ITG radial envelope,
incorporating the effects of equilibrium variations, $ie$ turbulence spreading and size-dependence of the saturated wave
intensities and transport coefficients. The competition between linear
drive/damping and drift wave spreading due to linear and
nonlinear group velocity and nonlinear energy transfer between DW
and ZF determines the saturation levels of the
fluctuating fields. The turbulence intensity level exhibits a
transition from Bohm scaling at small system size ($L/\rho$) to gyro Bohm for large system size. This system exhibits chaotic behavior and
intermittency, depending on system size and proximity to marginal
stability. The model is explored using Symbolic Dynamics, which
is shown to provide a useful means of analyzing turbulence levels using a single time
sequence data stream. |
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Thursday, October 28 10:45 am Ben Chandran Department of Physics & Astronomy Universtiy of Thermal conduction in turbulent magnetized plasmas, and its effects in clusters of galaxies. Clusters of galaxies are the largest gravitationally
bound objects in the universe. They host a wealth of interesting phenomena,
from star formation on a massive scale to powerful extragalactic jets powered
by supermassive black holes. In this talk I
will describe an outstanding theoretical puzzle in the study of galaxy
clusters, namely the need to explain the observationally inferred heating of
galaxy-cluster plasmas. One of the most important heating mechanisms is
thermal conduction, which is modified by turbulent intracluster
magnetic fields. I will describe how the Rechester-Rosenbluth
theory of heat conduction in stochastic fields can be applied to this case,
in which the mean field is negligible. I will also present recent
analytic and numerical results on electron diffusion and field-line
trajectories in strong magnetohydrodynamic
turbulence, as well as results on two other important heating mechanisms:
turbulent intracluster motions and active galactic
nuclei at the centers of clusters. |
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Tuesday,
November 28 10:45 am KEEN Waves: Long Lived Non-stationary Nonlinear Coherent
Structures in the Spectral Gap of the Vlasov-Poisson
System Bedros Afeyan,
Polymath Research Inc., We will discuss theoretical, computational and
experimental results concerning ponderomotively
driven (and released) Kinetic Electrostatic Electron Nonlinear (KEEN) waves.
Direct high resolution Vlasov-Poisson simulations,
nonlinear coupled mode theory in phase space, and optical mixing experiments on the Trident laser facility at LANL
will be described whereby KEEN waves' existence was discovered, further
explained and experimentally verified, respectively. Implications to laser-plasma interaction physics and the
large set of unresolved anomalies in SRS spectra, for instance, will be
touched upon. Mutual interaction of KEEN waves as well as their interactions with EPWs will also be
described which open up new vistas of plasma physics in the spectral gap that
was thought to exist in plasma physics based on linear theory, quasilinear reasoning and small amplitude nonlinear
theories. KEEN waves exist deep in the nonlinear regime with remarkable
stability properties. We will show links to Vlasov-Maxwell
simulations and general nonlinear paradigms of instability saturation which have to be revisited in light of the existence of
KEEN waves. |
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Friday Dec 3, 10:45
am "Stability of ballooning modes in the Hall-MHD
Model" Roberto Torasso NYU The equations of the ballooning modes are derived within the Hall~magnetohydrodynamics
(HMHD) model and given a standard Hamiltonian form. The Hamiltonian structure of the equations is used to derive sufficient conditions for
stability. In most cases, ideal magnetohydrodynamics
(MHD) stability of ballooning modes implies HMHD stability, as is the case for tokamak configurations as well as plasmas with constant entropy or incompressible plasmas. However, in the case of
closed-line systems such as the field-reversed configuration (FRC), or in a typical magnetospheric
magnetic field, MHD ballooning stability does not automatically guarantee HMHD stability. For the explicitly solvable configuration of the Z-pinch it is shown that the sufficient condition
derived here is also necessary for stability. |
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Wednesday Jan 5 10:45
am Title: Stable solitary waves in two-dimensional
stabilized Kuramoto-Sivashinsky systems Prof. Baofeng Feng By linearly coupling generalized two-dimensional Benney equations to an extra linear dissipative equation,
two-dimensional (2D) extensions of a stabilized Kuramoto
- Sivashinsky system are developed. The models apply to the description of surface waves on 2D
liquid layers in various physical settings. A perturbation
theory is developed by treating dissipation and gain in the models as small
perturbations. Stable solitary wave solutions are predicted and
numerically confirmed. |
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Thursday Feb 3 10:45 am Study of unsolved issues of m=1 oscillation (ěSawtoothî) via 2-D ECE Imaging System on TEXTOR* A novel 2-D Electron Cyclotron Emission Imaging
(ECEI) system for measuring electron temperature fluctuations applied to
study sawtooth crash physics on TEXTOR. A 128-channel prototype imaging system, covering 8 cm (radial)
by 16 cm (vertical),
with high spatial (1 cm x 1
cm) and temporal (up to ~5 msec) resolution employs large aperture optics
to form a spatially resolved image
of several cyclotron layers
simultaneously.
The ECEI system, which includes a
16-channel vertical array of antennas and wide-band transmission line, has provided behaviours of the electron temperature fluctuations similar to the ěmagnetic reconnectionî process during crash time of m=1 (sawtooth) oscillations, revealing details not accessible
through conventional methods (1-D ECE and/or tomography). Long history of
theoretical and experimental study of m=1 oscillation left remnants of
mysteries and unresolved issues of
physics such as current sheet and reconnection time scale. Details of poloidal and toroidal asymmetries of the measured electron fluctuation by 2-D ECEI may provide a clue of
these issues. |
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Thursday Feb 10 10:45
am David strozzi Electron Trapping in Raman Scattering from Inhomogenous Plasmas |
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Thursday Feb 24 10:45
am Title: Structure and dynamics of thin non-Harris current
sheets Mikhail I. Sitnov Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics,
University of Recent multi-probe observations of the current sheets in
the tail of Earth's magnetosphere and laboratory experiments, such
as MRX, revealed that the sheet properties become quite unusual when its thickness decreases to a few thermal ion gyroradii.
Such a thin current sheet may be embedded into a thicker plasma sheet or split into two
sheets, in contrast to the classical equilibrium theory and in the absence
of any conventional reconnection signatures. Thin current sheets in the tail
are often very dynamic, flapping in the north-south direction. However,
their flapping waves are also unusual, as they propagate too slowly or
even in the direction opposite to the main current flow, at variance
with presently dominating theories and simulation results. To address
these issues, we present a steady-state Vlasov
theory of thin current sheets, which generalizes the well-known isotropic Harris [1962]
equilibrium (a Cartesian geometry analog of the Bennett pinch) by
assuming anisotropic and non-gyrotropic plasmas and
takes into account an additional invariant of particle motion, an analog of the magnetic moment,
applicable for regions with strong gradients. We consider the dynamics
of this new class of non-Harris equilibria using
a full-particle code. The new equilibrium theory explains the effects of the current sheet
embedding and bifurcation, while simulations confirm the structural
stability of these new equilibria. The theory
reveals an important role of non-gyrotropic effects arising from the figure-of-eight ion orbits in
thin sheets. We also discuss the distinctive features of very thin
sheets, with the thickness less than the thermal ion gyroradius,
which is of relevance to the MRX experiment. |
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Thursday March 3 10:45
am Title: The magnetospheric response to the solar
wind Jay Johnson, PPPL Abstract. Understanding the dynamical evolution of the Earth’s magnetosphere is of practical interest because the magnetosphere occasionally evolves into a disturbed state that can affect the quality of life through large scale damage to power grids, loss of communications, and disruption of satellite-based defense strategy. The magnetospheric dynamics are ultimately driven by the solar wind while various dissipative processes cause the magnetosphere to evolve toward a quiescent state in the absence of strong driving. The magnetospheric dynamics are commonly characterized with various information-dynamical measures to understand dimensionality as well as the most important dependencies among observed plasma and electromagnetic field variables in the coupled solar wind/magnetosphere system. We identify nonlinear dependencies using mutual information and cumulant-based cost as discriminating statistics and discuss implications for modeling the magnetosphere and predicting its evolution. Application of the techniques to understand the dynamics of solar flares and neurosystems is also discussed. |
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Thursday March 10
10:45 am Title: Improvement of confinement in tokamaks
by weakening of poloidal magnetic field near boundary. V. Yankov. Abstract. Theory of turbulent equipartition
and experiment both indicate that density, pressure, and temperature profiles follow to poloidal
magnetic field profile. An example is TFTR current ramp-down experiments. Therefore it is suggested to change magnetic geometry between core and boundary by toroidal conductors and/or plasma
current. As a result density and temperature gradients will become steeper, and stored energy will be higher with low boundary plasma parameters. Suggested new mode of confinement may essentially simplify achieving of ignition. Stellarator applications will be discussed. |
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Thursday, March 31, 10:45 am
John A. Krommes, PPPL,
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Thursday, April 7, 10:45am Speaker: Igor Kaganovich, PPPL Title: Dynamics of Ion Beam Interaction with Background Plasma Abstract: The present concept for heavy ion fusion is based on the compression of intense ion beam pulses by means of ballistic focusing. To overcome the ion beam space-charge force, the ion beams are transported and focused in a background plasma. This should enable more than 10,000 times compression of ion beam pulse (100 times transversely, and 100 longitudinally.) Currently, 2,000 times compression has been already achieved (100 times transversely, and 20 longitudinally.) Theory and simulations of the plasma response to the propagation of an intense ion beam pulse will be reviewed. Visualization of the electron dynamics reveals the complex nature of the physical processes. Particular attention will be paid to an analysis of common misconceptions and difficulties encountered in studies of collective phenomena in ion beam-plasma interactions. |
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A simple method to account for drift orbit
effects when modeling radio frequency heating in tokamaks D.
Van Eester Laboratory for Plasma Physics, Association
“EURATOM – A semi-analytical
method is proposed to evaluate the dielectric response of a plasma to
electromagnetic waves in the ion cyclotron domain of frequencies accounting
for drift orbit effects. The method relies on subdividing the orbit into
elementary segments in which the integrations can be performed analytically
or by tabulation, and it hinges on the local bookkeeping of the relation
between the variables defining an orbit and those describing the magnetic
geometry. |
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Monday,
April 18, 10:45 am, Display Wall Room Speaker: Michael Hesse, Goddard Space Flight Center/NASA Title: Mechanisms of electron demagnetization in collisionless magnetic reconnection Abstract: Magnetic reconnection relies on the violation of the frozen flux constraint in a localized region of space. In this region, fluid elements of all individual plasma species relinquish their ties to the magnetic field, and they exchange magnetic connections. This phenomenon occurs on characteristic scales that depend on the nature of each plasma species. In a collisionless system, these scales are determined by certain kinetic processes that permit the scattering of individual particles off magnetic flux tubes. Since electrons are the lightest of species in classical plasmas, we will focus in this presentation on the electron dynamics in the inner reconnection region. Specifically, we will investigate the mechanisms that foster electron demagnetization in anti-parallel and guide-field reconnection cases. For both cases, we will present results from 2.5D and 3D kinetic simulations, as well as from analytic theory that is applied to the determination of demagnetization scale sizes. Finally, we will discuss the implications the electron results have on the dynamics of heavier species. |
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Thursday,
April 28, 10:45 am, Theory Seminar Room Speaker: Harry Mynick,
PPPL Title: Tutorial on Stellerator Transport I. Abstract: An introductory presentation on stellarator neoclassical transport will be given with a discussion on the various transport mechanisms, ambipolarity constraint, ion & electron roots, etc. The talk will be light on formalism, emphasizing the basic physics. |
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Thursday,
May 5, 10:45 am, Theory Seminar Room Speakers: Masaaki Yamada and Russell Kulsrud, PPPL Title: Study of Two-Fluid MHD Physics of Magnetic Reconnection in Laboratory and Space Plasmas Abstract: In the past few
years, the MRX experiment has generated key data to understand the physics of
collisionless reconnection. We will highlight the
most recent findings of the MRX (Magnetic Reconnection Experiment) laboratory
experiments which address the two-fluids MHD physics
of magnetic reconnection [1] and the results are compared with the recent
space observations [2]. With the recent upgrade of MRX, our experimental
operation regime has moved from the collisional to
the collisionfree regime, and two-fluid effects
have become more evident. The recent development from the one-fluid MHD to
the two-fluid MHD formulations is presented to illuminated
the physics of the Hall MHD in a collisionfree
reconnection layer. In particular, a clear experimental verification of an
out-of-plane Hall quadrupole field has been made in
a Harris-like neutral sheet, with the width comparable to the ion skin depth,
during magnetic reconnection [3]. High frequency fluctuations observed in the
reconnection layer [4] also exhibit two fluid effects demonstrating different
kinematics for electrons and ions. The recently developed theory investigate
the causal relationship between the observed fast reconnection rate, magnetic
turbulence and the Hall quadrupole fields are
discussed in this talk. In collaboration
with H. Ji, S. Gerhardt, A. Kuritsyn,
Y. Ren, Y. Wang. |
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Tuesday,
May 10, 2:00 pm, Theory Seminar Room Speaker: Scott Parker, Title: Gyrokinetic simulation of the collisionless and semi-collisional tearing mode instability Abstract: The nonlinear
evolution of the collisionless and semi-collisional tearing mode instability is studied using an
electromagnetic gyrokinetic particle-in-cell simulation.
Drift-kinetic electrons are used. Simulation results show excellent agreement
with linear eigenmode analysis. Collisionless
nonlinear saturation compares well with existing theory in terms of
saturation level and electron bounce oscillations. Electron-ion collisions
are included to study the semi-collisional regime.
The algebraic growth stage is observed and compares favorably with theory.
Nonlinear island saturation is found to depend on collisionality.
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Thursday,
May 12, 10:45 am, Theory Seminar Room Speaker: Harry Mynick,
PPPL Title: Tutorial on Stellarator Transport III Abstract: Stefan Gerhardt's talk last week on flows in stellarators introduced some of the approaches to transport optimization which are now being implemented in the present generation of stellarator experiments in the US and abroad. This 3rd and final tutorial talk on stellarator transport will address in more depth the physics underlying these and other transport optimization approaches, discussing as part of this energetic particle confinement and mitigating turbulent transport in stellarators. |
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Thursday,
May 26, 10:45 am, Theory Seminar Room Speaker: Hong Qin,PPPL Title: A footnote on the adiabatic invariants Abstract: It turns out that the
adiabatic invariant for the time-dependent oscillator equation is just an
asymptotic approximation to an exact invariant, the Courant-Snyder invariant.
A thorough study of the symmetry and invariance of the related dynamics
reveals many deeper, interesting structures that have important implications.
For example, we can show that the adiabatic invariant is actually a stronger
invariant than that proved by |
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Thursday,
June 9, 10:45 am, Theory Seminar Room Speaker: Shuanghui Hu, UC Irvine Title: Discrete Alfven Eigenmodes Excited by Energetic Particles in High-Beta Tokamaks Abstract: A new type of high-n
discrete Alfven eigenmodes
(termed alpha-TAE) is found in the high-beta second ballooning-mode stable toroidal plasmas. Here, n is the toroidal
wavenumber, alpha denotes the ballooning drive due
to pressure gradient and curvature, and beta is the ratio of plasma to
magnetic pressures. Multiple branches of the alpha-TAEs
are observed due to the existence of multiple alpha-induced potential wells
and, correspondingly, the eigenmodes can either be
marginally stable or experience small but finite Alfven-continuum
damping. Due to their trapped features, the alpha-TAEs
exist independently of the toroidal Alfven frequency gap, in contrast to the usual TAE (toroidicity-induced Alfven eigenmode). Both the quasi-marginally stable and the
finitely damped alpha-TAEs can be readily
destabilized by energetic particles via wave-particle resonances. For
negative magnetic shear, the alpha-TAE can extend into the small-alpha regime
and evolve into the low-beta TAE. A two-dimensional eigenmode
analysis, employing WKB approximation in the radial direction, demonstrates
that the global alpha-TAE can be formed around the radial location with the
maximal alpha value. |
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Thursday, June 30, 10:45
am, Theory Seminar Room Speaker: Bruce Scott, IPP,
Garching, Germany Title: Theory and
Computation in Full-F Gyrokinetics The theory behind the FEFI
code is presented. The gyrokinetic model is
reviewed and then the particular version used is motivated by |
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Thursday, July 28, 10:45
am, Theory Seminar Room Speaker: Matthew Hole, Title: Stepped Pressure Profile Equilibria in Cylindrical Plasmas via Partial Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equilibrium states in three-dimensions (3D) with smooth pressure profiles have long bedeviled containment theory. Magnetic islands are formed at rational surfaces, resulting in pressure flattening. In this work, a new model is presented: the stepped-pressure profile equilibrium. The system comprises multiple Taylor relaxed plasma regions, which are separated by ideal MHD barriers. Such a model is well posed mathematically, and follows rigorous existence proofs of MHD equilibria with stepped pressure in weakly toroidally asymmetric plasmas. In addition to a description of 3D equilibria, the model is also motivated by observations of internal transport barrier formation at irrational flux surfaces in magnetic confinement experiments. This formulation may provide a minimum energy explanation for the existence of ITB's. In
cylindrical geometry, where analytic progress is possible, we have
constructed equilibrium solutions, and analyzed stability by a variational formulation. We show the existence of tokamak-like equilibria, with
increasing smooth safety factor and stepped-pressure profiles. Unlike reverse
field pinch q profiles, only the plasma core necessarily has reverse magnetic
shear. Recent observations of ITB formation at minima in the safety factor provide
some preliminary guidance for these calculations. |
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Wednesday, August 10,
10:45 am, Theory Seminar Room Speaker: Xianzhu Tang, Title: Magnetic Relaxation in Laboratory and
Astrophysical Plasmas Magnetic
relaxation is an extreme form of self-organization by which magnetic energy
and helicity injected on small scale are
transported to and accumulated on system scale magnetic fields by small scale
plasma fluctuations. A large class of fusion concepts such as RFP, Spheromak, ST-PCC, and ST-CHI, relies on magnetic
relaxation to achieve high efficiency in comparison with the usual Tokamak and stellarator
devices. Naturally occurring plasma such as that in the giant radio lobes is
also subject to magnetic relaxation. The physical implications of Taylor's helicity-conserving minimum energy state in laboratory
and radio lobe plasmas are understood in terms of two classes of resonance
phenomena, which are demonstrated using Chandrasekhar-Kendall force-free eigenmodes. The linear resonances are regularized by any
of plasma inertia, finite pressure, and non-uniform normalized parallel
current density. The emergence of bifurcated regularized solutions is shown,
along with their physics interpretation and significance. Finally, the
nonlinear dynamics that lead to magnetic relaxation is investigated by
initial value 3D MHD simulations. The relaxation of the driven plasma is
shown to follow a helical instability cascade. |
Friday, August 18, 10:45 am, Theory Seminar Room Speaker: Hiroshi Naitou, Yamaguchi University Title: Gyro-Reduced MHD Simulation of Kinetic Internal Kink Modes The simulation of kinetic internal kink modes using gyro-reduced-MHD |