Status of NOVA codes as of March
2022
NOVA/NOVA-C (C stands for
Constant of Motion extension) is a suite of codes which is based on
the ideal MHD, NOVA, solver for perturbative and NOVA-CN
is for non-perturbative eigenmodes. Widely used version of the code
solves for perturbative modes as well as for the Alfvenic/acoustic
continuum which was originally published in Ref.[#1].
A kinetic extension, known as NOVA-K earlier (is now changed
to NOVA-C), was subsequently written over years, started in
Ref.[#2] with v.1 continued
in Ref.[#4] with v.2 and
currently being upgraded to v.3.
Read several papers on NOVA codes which are often
used for studying the stability properties of TAE modes. The trapped
electron collisional damping is implemented according to Ref.[#3]. Drift kinetic formulation including finite
orbit width (FOW) effects of EPs can be found in Ref. [#4]. In that
reference based on presented formulation an important result was
confirmed numerically that FOW leads to a plateau in the growth rate
dependence on the toroidal mode number which limits the number of
unstable modes in ITER for example.
The NOVA codes are widely used to study the
linear stability properties of Alfvénic modes and were extensively
verified and validated, [#5],
[#7].
General information on how to run NOVA/NOVA-C (up
to version 2, i.e. up to 2014ish) can be found on PPPL theory linux
cluster at /u/ngorelen/SRC/Equil/Readme for NOVA (including qsolver
equilibrium) and at /u/ngorelen/SRC/NOVAK/Readme-K. It is available
for many US fusion researchers. Newer, v.3, is version controlled
through https://github.com/PrincetonUniversity/NOVA, but its use
need to be coordinated with Dr. N.N. Gorelenkov, ngorelen@pppl.gov.
It includes many recent improvements, see below. Most important
recent application is coming from ISEP SciDAC and will be used in
WDM tools like TRANSP.
Funding sources over the years: DIII-D & Iter department
(Hawrilyck, Nazikian ...), NSTX(-U) (Kaye, Menard), ST40 (Kaye) etc.
Recent improvements in NOVA/NOVA-C perturbative
simulations.
2022, small
improvement is in access of the working files,
equou{1,t] which is now kept on /local/ drive. Now the
NOVA-C can be run independently on many machines from
the same directory.
2018, Gorelenkov et
al., APS invited.
Interfaced with RBQ model.
2019, Sherwood.
Radiative damping for RSAE modes using Yu-Fu
parametrization from: 
2020, three
NBI distribution function sources are incorporated into NOVA-C
(v.3&2). With 1 run growth rate & chirping criterion are
evaluated. Newer input includes 'b' flag for NBI DF with 3 energy
sources, read the Readme file.
2020+(to be finished), a
generalization of NBI distribution function has been done within
ST40 tasks.
2021, NBI equilibrium solver
HPE (aka ESC, Zakharov), to be incorporated into NOVA/NOVA-C (v.3),
has being initiated for NSTX-U studies.
2021, Kinetic formulation of
adiabatic index is included in NOVA, the publication has been
drafted by Fabio de Souza, "Description of Global EGAM in the
maximum of local frequency during current rump-up discharges in
DIII-D"
2018, Sherwood presentation was
given.
Future plans.
An upgrade of this suite (version 3) is going on.
It includes further upgrade to q-solver equilibrium with the
rotation and EP anisotropy in arbitrary cross section, called HPE
[N.N.Gorelenkov,L.E.Zakharov, Nucl.Fusion,
v.58, p.082031 (2018)].
NOVA-C v.3 is in progress (see this link
for the current subtasks for students who want to participate). In
the long run it will include the modifications going from the HPE
code. It will also include the thermal ion Landau damping in a more
consistent manner than it has now.
NOVA-CN is the ultimate goal/part of this
suite to be used in simulations of the quasi-linear code RBQ [N.N.Gorelenkov, V.Duarte et al., Phys.Plasmas
(2019) submitted.]. RBQ2D is being heavily developed using
Scidac support.
[1] C. Z. Cheng, M. C. Chang, Phys. Fluids 29 (1986)
3695.
[2] C. Z. Cheng, Phys. Reports 211 (1992)
1.
[3] G. Y. Fu, C. Z. Cheng, K. L. Wong, Phys. Fluids
B 5 (1993) 4040.
[4] N. N. Gorelenkov, C. Z. Cheng, G. Y. Fu, Phys.
Plasmas 6 (1999) 2802.
[5] M. A. Van Zeeland, G. J. Kramer, M. E. Austine
et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 (2006) 135001.
[6] N. N. Gorelenkov, V. N. Durte, C.
Collins, et al., Phys. Plasmas 26 (2019)
072507.
[7] S. Taimourzadeh, et al., Nucl. Fusion 59
(2019) 066006 .
Other resources on V&V are here page.
At the end of this page one can find a list of publications
related to NOVA suite of codes.
TOPICS AND
REFERENCES
1) formulation and examples of its simulations:
ideal MHD part:
@article{ChengPF86, AUTHOR = "C. Z. Cheng and M. S. Chance",
TITLE = "Low-n shear \protect{Alfv\'{e}}n spectra in axisymmetric
toroidal plasmas",
JOURNAL = "Phys. Fluids",
VOLUME = "29",
PAGES = "3695--3701",
MONTH = "November",
YEAR = "1986"}
@article{ChengPhR92,
AUTHOR = "C. Z. Cheng",
TITLE = "Kinetic extensions of magnetohydrodynamics for axisymmetric
toroidal plasmas",
JOURNAL = "Phys. Reports",
VOLUME = "211",
PAGES = "1--51",
MONTH = "January",
YEAR = "1992"}
New kinetic effects are added (NOVA-C), such as trapped electron
collisoinal damping (orbit width effects shown in this paper are not
used any more):
G. Y. Fu and C. Z. Cheng and K. L. Wong, "Stability of the
toroidicity-induced \protect{A}lfv\'{e}n eigenmode in axisymmetric
toroidal equilibria", Phys. Fluids B, V.5, pp.4040--4050 (1993);
this paper give a description of the radiative damping
implementation in NOVA
"Analysis of alpha particle-driven toroidal Alfven eigenmodes in
TFTR deuterium-tritium experiments"
G.-Y. Fu, C.Z. Cheng, et.al. Phys.Plasmas, v.3. 4036-4045 (1996).
this paper has accurate orbit width effect described, which are used
in NOVA
N. N. Gorelenkov and C. Z. Cheng and G. Y. Fu, "Fast particle finite
orbit width and Larmor radius effects on low-n toroidicity induced
\protect{A}lfv\'{e}n eigenmode excitation", Phys. Plasmas, v.6,
pp. 2802-2807 (1999). }
here we describe the model for the distribution function of beam
ions used in NOVA under the option "l"
@article{GorelenkovNF05ITER,
AUTHOR = "N. N. Gorelenkov and H. L. Berk and R. V. Budny",
TITLE = "Beam anisotropy effect on \protect{Alfv\'{e}}n eigenmode
stability in ITER-like plasmas",
JOURNAL = "Nucl. Fusion",
VOLUME = "45",
PAGES = "226--237",
MONTH = "March",
YEAR = "2005"}
2) TAE and RSAE radial
structures are verified (arguably the best MHD code/experiment
comparison).
@article{VanzeelandPRL06,
AUTHOR = "M. A. Van Zeeland and G. J. Kramer and M. E. Austin and R.
L. Boivin and W. W. Heidbrin and M. A. Makowski and G. R. McKee and
R. Nazikian and W. M. Solomon and G. Wang",
TITLE = "Radial Structure of \protect{Alfv\'{e}}n Eigenmodes in the
DIII-D Tokamak through Electron-Cyclotron-Emission Measurements",
JOURNAL = "Phys. Rev. Letters",
VOLUME = "97",
PAGES = "135001-1--135001-4",
MONTH = "September",
YEAR = "2006"}
3) Simulations of TAE observations
in TFTR advanced after more theoretical insight was available.
@article{NazikianPRL03,
AUTHOR = "R. Nazikian and G. J. Kramer and C. Z. Cheng and N. N.
Gorelenkov and H. L. Berk and S. E. Sharapov",
TITLE = "New Interpretation of Alpha-Particle-Driven Instabilities
in Deuterium-Tritium Experiments on the Tokamak Fusion Test
Reactor",
JOURNAL = "Phys. Rev. Lett.",
VOLUME = "91",
PAGES = "125003-1--125003-4",
MONTH = "September",
YEAR = "2003"}
4) Stability calculations in
NSTX for low frequency TAEs and comparisons with high frequency
mode observations.
@article{GorelenkovPoP04,
AUTHOR = "N. N. Gorelenkov and E. Belova and H. L. Berk and C. Z.
Cheng and E. D. Fredrickson and W. W. Heidbrink and S. Kaye and G.
J. Kramer",
TITLE = "Beam ion driven instabilities in National Spherical Tokamak
Experiment",
JOURNAL = "Phys. Plasmas",
VOLUME = "11",
PAGES = "2586--2596",
MONTH = "May",
YEAR = "2004"}
5) Another nice application
of NOVA for RSAEs in DIII-D and JET.
@article{KramerPoP2006,
AUTHOR = "G. J. Kramer and R. Nazikian and B. Alper and M. de Baar
and et. al.",
TITLE = "Interpretation of core localized \protect{Alfv\'{e}}n
eigenmodes in DIII-D and Joing European Torus reversed magnetic
shear plasmas",
JOURNAL = "Phys. Plasmas",
VOLUME = "13",
PAGES = "056104-1--056104-7",
MONTH = "May",
YEAR = "2006"}
6) Projections to ITER.
@article{GorelenkovNF03BP,
AUTHOR = "N. N. Gorelenkov and H. L. Berk and R. V. Budny and C. Z.
Cheng and G. Y. Fu and W. W. Heidbrink and G. J. Kramer and D. Meade
and R. Nazikian",
TITLE = "Study of thermonuclear \protect{Alfv\'{e}}n instabilities
in next step burning plasma proposals",
JOURNAL = "Nucl. Fusion",
VOLUME = "43",
PAGES = "594--605",
MONTH = "July",
YEAR = "2003"}
@article{GorelenkovNF05ITER,
AUTHOR = "N. N. Gorelenkov and H. L. Berk and R. V. Budny",
TITLE = "Beam anisotropy effect on \protect{Alfv\'{e}}n eigenmode
stability in ITER-like plasmas",
JOURNAL = "Nucl. Fusion",
VOLUME = "45",
PAGES = "226--237",
MONTH = "March",
YEAR = "2005"}